Nikon镜头字母标志解释

ED
ED glass is an essential element of NIKKOR telephoto lenses
Nikon developed ED (Extra-low Dispersion) glass to enable the production of lenses that offer superior sharpness and color correction by minimizing chromatic aberration.
Put simply, chromatic aberration is a type of image and color dispersion that occurs when light rays of varying wavelengths pass through optical glass. In the past, correcting this problem for telephoto lenses required special optical elements that offer anomalous dispersion characteristics ?specifically calcium fluoride crystals. However, fluorite easily cracks and is sensitive to temperature changes that can adversely affect focusing by altering the lens?refractive index.
So Nikon designers and engineers put their heads together and came up with ED glass, which offers all the benefits, yet none of the drawbacks of calcium fluorite-based glass. With this innovation, Nikon developed several types of ED glass suitable for various lenses.
They deliver stunning sharpness and contrast even at their largest apertures. In this way, NIKKOR's ED-series lenses exemplify Nikon's preeminence in lens innovation and performance.
  
SIC
Nikon Super Integrated Coating ensures exceptional performance
To enhance the performance of its optical lens elements, Nikon employs an exclusive multilayer lens coating that helps reduce ghost and flare to a negligible level.
Nikon Super Integrated Coating achieves a number of objectives, including minimized reflection in the wider wavelength range and superior color balance and reproduction. Nikon Super Integrated Coating is especially effective for lenses with a large number of elements, like our Zoom-NIKKOR lenses.
Also, Nikon's multilayer coating process is tailored to the design of each particular lens. The number of coatings applied to each lens element
is carefully calculated to match the lens type and glass used, and also to assure the uniform color balance that characterizes NIKKOR lenses. This results in lenses that meet much higher standards than the rest of the industry.
  
N
Nano Crystal Coat
Nano Crystal Coat is an antireflective coating that originated in the development of NSR-series (Nikon Step and Repeat) semiconductor manufacturing devices. It virtually eliminates internal lens element reflections across a wide range of wavelengths, and is particularly effective in reducing ghost and flare peculiar to ultra-wideangle lenses. Nano Crystal Coat employs multiple layers of Nikon's outstanding extra-low refractive index coating, which features ultra-fine crystallized particles of nano size (one nanometer equals one millionth of a mm). Nikon now proudly marks a world first by applying this coating technology to a wide range of lenses for use in consumer optical products.
  
ASP
Aspherical lens elements
Nikon introduced the first photographic lens with aspherical lens elements in 1968. What sets them apart? Aspherical lenses virtually eliminate the problem of coma and other types of lens aberration ?even when used at the widest aperture. They are particularly useful in correcting the distortion in wideangle lenses. In addition, use of aspherical lenses contributes to a lighter and smaller lens design.
Nikon employs three types of aspherical lens elements. Precision-ground aspherical lens elements are the finest expression of lens-crafting art, demanding extremely rigorous production standards. Hybrid lenses are made of a special plastic molded onto optical glass. Molded glass aspherical lenses are manufactured by molding a unique type of optical glass using a special metal die technique.
  
CRC
Close-Range Correction system
The Close-Range Correction (CRC) system is one of Nikon's most important focusing innovations, for it provides superior picture quality at close focusing distances and increases the focusing range.
With CRC, the lens elements are configured in a “floating element?design wherein each lens group moves independently to achieve focusing. This ensures superior lens performance even when shooting at close distances.
The CRC system is used in fisheye, wideangle, Micro, and selected medium telephoto NIKKOR lenses.
  
IF
Internal Focusing (IF)
Imagine being able to focus a lens without it changing in size. Nikon's IF technology enables just that. All internal optical movement is limited to the interior of the nonextending lens barrel. This allows for a more compact, lightweight construction as well as a closer focusing distance. In addition, a smaller and lighter focusing lens group is employed to ensure faster focusing. The IF system is featured in most NIKKOR telephoto and selected NIKKOR zoom lenses.
  
RF
Rear Focusing (RF)
With Nikon's Rear Focusing (RF) system, all the lens elements are divided into specific lens groups, with only the rear lens group moving for focusing. This makes autofocusing operation smoother and faster.
  
DC
AF DC-NIKKOR lenses ?unique NIKKOR lenses for unique portraits
AF DC-NIKKOR lenses feature exclusive Nikon Defocus-image Control technology. This allows photographers to control the degree of spherical aberration in the foreground or background by rotating the lens?DC ring. This will create a rounded out-of-focus blur that is ideal for portrait photography. No other lenses in the world offer this special technique.
  
D
Distance information
D-type and G-type NIKKOR lenses relay subject-to-camera distance information to AF Nikon camera bodies. This then makes possible advances like 3D Matrix Metering and 3D Multi-Sensor Balanced Fill-Flash.
Note: D-type and G-type NIKKOR lenses provide distance information to the following cameras: Auto exposure; F6, F5, F100, F90X, F80, F75, F70, F65, F60, F55, F50, PRONEA S, PRONEA 600i, D2 series, D1 series, D100 and D70s/D70.
Flash control; F6, F5, F100, F90X, F80, F75, F70, D2 series, D1 series, D100 and D70s/D70.
  
G
G-type NIKKOR
The G-type NIKKOR has no aperture ring; aparture should be selected from camera body.
  
SWM
Silent Wave Motor
Nikon's AF-S technology is yet another reason professional photographers like NIKKOR telephoto lenses. AF-S NIKKOR lenses feature Nikon's SWM which converts “traveling waves?into rotational energy to focus the optics. This enables high-speed autofocusing that's extremely accurate and super quiet.
  
M/A
M/A mode
AF-S NIKKOR lenses feature Nikon's exclusive M/A mode, that allows switching from autofocus to manual operation with virtually no time lag ?even during AF servo operation and regardless of AF mode in use.
  
VR
Vibration Reduction (VR)
This innovative VR system minimizes image blur caused by camera shake, and offers the equivalent of shooting at a shutter speed three stops (eight times) faster.* It allows handheld shooting at dusk, at night, and even in poorly lit interiors. The lens?VR system also detects automatically when the photographer pans ?no special mode is required.
* As determined by Nikon performance tests.
  
DX
DX NIKKOR
Compact and lightweight DX NIKKOR lenses featuring a smaller image circle are specially designed and optimized for Nikon D2-series, D1-series, D100 and D70s/D70 digital SLR cameras. These are ideal options for landscape photographers and others who need to shoot expansive scenes with Nikon DX-Format digital SLRs.
Note: We do not recommend use of DX NIKKOR with 35mm (135) or IX240 format cameras.

LZ帮忙翻译成中文吧

ED
ED glass is an essential element of NIKKOR telephoto lenses
Nikon developed ED (Extra-low Dispersion) glass to enable the production of lenses that offer superior sharpness and color correction b ...
少数派 发表于 2009-9-30 08:02

0.0 俺用C家机器..问个N家的问题...N家的全幅头是啥呢？FX吗？

N家没有DX标志的，都是全幅头。
不过N家的DX头也可以在全幅(FX)机身上用，只不过出来的还是DX照片。
其他牌子就没有这个功能了。

ED: Extra-Low Dispersion glass （超低色散镜片）
一种高品质镜片，用于纠正色差，即各类波长的光线通过光学镜片时，不会聚或对焦于同一点而产生的影像和颜色扭曲。采用ED镜片的尼克尔镜头即使使用最大光圈，仍具有极高的清晰度和对比度。超级ED镜片是一种新型镜片，在有些镜头中与ED镜片结合使用，以便在更大程度上避免色差。

D: Distance （距离）
D型自动对焦尼克尔镜头可将物体到相机之间的距离信息，传送到具有3D彩色矩阵测光、3D矩阵测光和3D多重感应均衡补充闪光功能的尼康SLR相机。

G: 没有光圈控制环的镜头，用于可在相机上设定光圈的相机。G镜头也可向相机提供距离信息。

AI-P：具有内置CPU的手动对焦尼克尔镜头，可将数据从镜头传送到相机的测光系统。

IF: Internal Focus （内部对焦）
无需旋转镜头筒或改变镜头筒长度即可完成对焦，当使用位置敏感滤色镜（如偏光镜或分割中性密度）时非常有用。

AF-S: Autofocus Silent （自动对焦超声波）
通过镜头中的“超声波”马达进行对焦，而不是相机中的对焦驱动马达。AF-S镜头对焦的速度比标准AF-尼克尔更快，而且几乎完全无声。有“II”标记的AF-S镜头重量更轻，而且通常比同类的早期镜头更小。

DC: Defocus Control （散焦控制）
一种可让摄影者通过旋转镜头的DC控制环控制前景或背景中的球面像差程度的镜头。这可创建适合于人像摄影的圆形不聚焦模糊。通过将DC控制设定为零，DC-尼克尔镜头可以相同焦长和最大光圈，与非DC-尼克尔镜头一样进行操作。

CRC: Close Range Correction （近摄校正）
可改善近距离对焦的影像品质。镜头组件以“浮动组件”设计进行配置，其中每个镜头组可独立移动以进行对焦。这样可确保镜头即使在近距离拍摄时，也能发挥最佳性能。

PC: Perspective Control （透视控制）
一种轴可相对于胶片平面平行移动的镜头，可让相机重新定位，以减少建筑物照片中的垂直线条收敛。

ASP: Aspherical lens elements （非球面镜头组件）
非球面镜头即使在使用最大光圈时，仍可在最大程度上减少彗星像差和其它类型的镜头像差。这对于纠正广角镜头失真特别有用，并可通过减少必要的标准（球面镜头）组件，使镜头组件更轻，设计更精巧。

RF: Rear Focusing （后部对焦）
一种对焦系统，即只通过移动后部镜头组来进行对焦。此设计技术可使自动对焦操作更加顺利和迅速。

VR: Vibration Reduction （抖动减少）
一种可改善因相机抖动而导致的影像模糊的光学技术，并可在将快门速度降低三档时进行快速拍摄，允许使用长焦镜头拍摄清晰的照片。在摄影者拍摄运动物体时，系统甚至会自动进行检测相机的移动。VR操作只能在个别尼康相机上执行。

M/A：一些AF-尼克尔镜头采用的对焦模式，可通过调节镜头上的对焦环，从自动对焦切换到手动对焦，而且没实质上的时间延迟。

AI: Automatic Indexing （自动指数传递）
1977年，AI 成为尼康相机和尼克尔镜头的标准。非AI 镜头通过一种系统与相机的测光联动。此系统要求在安装镜头之前，将相机上的插销与镜头上的沟槽爪相配合，然后将镜头上的光圈环从一端转至另一端，以将测光指数传递至镜头的最大光圈。AI可消除此整个步骤，因为在相机上安装镜头时会自动进行测光联动与指数传递。到数年前为止制造的大多数AI镜头还同时提供了耦合爪，以便可与任一的测光系统兼容。

AI-S: Automatic Indexing (modified) （自动指数传递（经修改））
AI-S是AI的修订版，1982年成为标准。AI-S镜头中的光圈操作与尼康相机兼容，当需要进行程序设计和快门先决自动曝光控制时，可通过相机控制光圈。所有AF-尼克尔镜头（以及大多数在1982年后制造的手动对焦尼克尔镜头）均属AI-S类型。

DX：专为尼康SLR数码相机设计的镜头。这种镜头可用更小的成像圈更有效地覆盖成像传感器，该成像圈比35mm胶片架更小